December 2024, Issue 12 (846)

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Herbert Leopold Gabryś
Power industry in Poland 2024… from results, challenges and threats

 

BULLETIN OF PRO NOVUM

Paweł Woszczyk
Possibilities of using 200 MW class units during the transformation of the National Power System

Jerzy Trzeszczyński
Project Power Units 2025+
How to use last phase of operation of 200 MW class power units to support the transformation of the Polish energy sector?
Summary

Paweł Gawron
Preparation and supervision of the technical condition of power units remaining in operational reserve

Frank Biesinger, Huáscar Lorini, Mariusz Banaszkiewicz
Rework and repair of steam turbine components subject to flexible operation

XXVI Sympozjum DIAGNOSTYKA URZĄDZEŃ ENERGETYCZNYCH I INSTALACJI PRZEMYSŁOWYCH
Diagnostyka wspierająca elastyczną pracę elektrowni

 

BULLETIN OF IASE

75 lat IASE – inżynierskiej firmy innowacyjnej

Dariusz Wojtanowicz, Roman Skakowski, Romuald Koczwara, Radosław Izakiewicz,
Antonina Kieleczawa, Jerzy Drutko, Michał Białecki
Development of the LFC external nodes support system towards virtualization of solutions

Antonina Kieleczawa, Klaudia Krawiec-Ziątek, Michał Białecki, Jerzy Drutko,
Radosław Izakiewicz, Piotr Pietras, Roman Skakowski, Wojciech Szubert, Edward Ziaja
Multiannual development of the DC MASTER system in the aspect of its utility functions,
implementation of various operational platforms as well as the computer and networking equipment

Grzegorz Bonikowski
UNIKONT 2 – Rotating Machines Monitoring System

Bartłomiej Borkowski
Selected studies on electromagnetic compatibility for devices used in the environment of power plants and substations

 

Dariusz Pastwa, Dariusz Downar
Systems supporting emergency closing of turbine wicket gate in hydropower plants

Jerzy Piotr Bednarek
Air turbines and hydrogen-powered aircraft engine

 

OVERTIME LECTURE…

Bogumił Dudek
Life 3.0

 

TIMELY COLUMNS

Bogumił Dudek
To pass the time…

 

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STRESZCZENIA 

Herbert Leopold Gabryś
Power industry in Poland 2024… from results, challenges and threats
Presented is an attempt to summarize the state of the Polish power industry in the end of the year 2024. Generation of the electric energy from hard coal and lignite constituted an essential factor not only in meeting the basic needs of the PPS but also increasingly in regulatory possibilities. Basic needs are secured by coal-fired units and this is the cheapest capacity reserve of the PPS during the transition period. They form also a crucial regulatory potential for the times when there is no sufficient generation from weather-dependent sources.

 

Paweł Woszczyk
Possibilities of using 200 MW class units during the transformation of the National Power System
There are many indications that in the years 2030-2040, coal fired power units will continue to play an important role in the stabilization of the National Power System. Among them, 200MW class units will play an important role. Therefore, it is extremely important to properly maintain and modernize them so that they can continue to effectively support the country’s energy security in the transitional period of transformation. To this end, a coherent, realistic and energy-secure energy transformation plan should be developed as quickly as possible.

 

Jerzy Trzeszczyński
Project Power Units 2025+
How to use last phase of operation of 200 MW class power units to support the transformation of the Polish energy sector?
Summary
Continuation of the operation of 200 MW class power units currently has no rational alternative. It gives hope to cover the projected negative power balance in the Polish power system after 2025 and may ensure a significant increase in generation from renewable sources, which will be safe for the National Power System. Meeting this challenge requires an urgent development of a strategy for the operation of 200 MW units, including in particular maintaining the technical condition at a level ensuring safety and availability, taking into account the increasingly regulatory nature of their operation, in the perspective of around 2035, as well as financing these units, after the introduction of ETS 550 fees.

 

Paweł Gawron
Preparation and supervision of the technical condition of power units remaining in operational reserve
The need to support capacity has arisen in connection with the rapid development of subsidized renewable sources, especially wind turbines and photovoltaics, which are pushing conventional power plants out of the market. Conventional generating units, not working the required number of hours per year, are becoming unprofitable, but at the same time they are needed to ensure that demand is met when the wind and light are weak, as well as during peak demand. Economic issues related to unprofitability are one thing, technical issues related to the need to guarantee appropriate availability and flexibility of conventional sources in „working” conditions far removed from the originally assumed are another, but very important and difficult to implement issue. The ongoing changes in the energy market related to the growing share of capacity from renewable sources and their privileged position in the queue to the power grid operator with the necessary level of system security guaranteed by producers using conventional energy sources require a change in the approach to the management of production assets planned for operation within the operational reserve. The paper presents an outline of problems in the area of ​​physicochemical operating and downtime conditions of equipment and possible solutions related to maintaining good technical condition of production equipment remaining in operational reserve.

 

Frank Biesinger, Huáscar Lorini, Mariusz Banaszkiewicz
Rework and repair of steam turbine components subject to flexible operation
The increase in renewable energy penetration on the grid has accelerated the need to transition conventional fossil-based energy sources from their traditional base load operation to more flexible operational regimes. The mode of operation changed dramatically in terms of number of starts, operating hours per annum, and variation in load level. This results in greater thermal transients on operational equipment leading to an increase in low cycle fatigue damage. To ensure the continued integrity of the steam turbine components, it is essential to assess the lifetime status by applying residual lifetime analysis methods. Depending on the amount of lifetime consumption and the extent of potential crack findings, different component repair options are possible. The rework or repair options can be divided into two main groups, namely cold and hot rework. These two options can also be carried out consecutively. All rework or repair options provide the opportunity to improve the application of a component by applying profiling with improved stress fields and even superior materials, in the case of hot rework. The aim of the rework/reconditioning is to ensure that the steam turbine component is suitable for future operation. This ensures that plants are well placed to deliver more flexible operation in the energy industry through careful tailored refurbishments and reworks.

 

Dariusz Wojtanowicz, Roman Skakowski, Romuald Koczwara, Radosław Izakiewicz, Antonina Kieleczawa, Jerzy Drutko, Michał Białecki
Development of the LFC external nodes support system towards virtualization of solutions
IASE Sp. z o.o. has a multiannual experience in various fields of manufacturing and support of ARCM/LFC systems realized over the years by its many expert teams. In the eighties, a Central Regulatory System was realized in the Institute in cooperation with KDM Warszawa and afterwards operated for many years. Over recent years there has been developed in the Institute and is still improved the system to support the External Nodes LFC with the trade name „System Rozdziału Mocy LFC” (SRM LFC) which meets all requirements described in the LFC system normative documents issued by PSE S.A. On the basis of the SRM LFC system there are built. Local WL LFC and Outboard WW LFC with a collective name External Nodes LFC (WZ LFC) implemented at participants of the Energy and Power Balancing Market. The system is dedicated to control power blocks working for the Centrally Dispatched Generating Units (JWCD) and also those which are not at the central disposal of PPS (nJWCD). As a feedback, the external nodes WZ LFC provide current values of individual JWCD and nJWCD operating parameters to the central Operating Parameters Monitoring System (WC SSMP) node. The WL LFC system has already been successfully implemented in over a dozen of Polish conventional and hydropower stations.

 

Antonina Kieleczawa, Klaudia Krawiec-Ziątek, Michał Białecki, Jerzy Drutko, Radosław Izakiewicz, Piotr Pietras, Roman Skakowski, Wojciech Szubert, Edward Ziaja
Multiannual development of the DC MASTER system in the aspect of its utility functions,
implementation of various operational platforms as well as the computer and networking equipment
During the last 75 years of its presence in the Polish and foreign markets IASE Institute has elaborated many products honoured with patents and prizes at trade fairs and exhibitions. One of them is an automation system of a current name DCS MASTER, one of the most important at the moment market products of the Institute. Permanently extended are its functional abilities, modernized are graphic and communication interfaces as well as engineering, editing and configuration tools. Along with installation of the system there are built comfort central or local control stations, tailored to specific requirements of future users. DCS MASTER system can be implemented in manufacturing facilities that use various technologies but because of the Institue’s profile and qualifications of its professional staff it is mostly introduced in electrical and heating energy industry sectors. The system has been implemented at many power facilities in various options – from single process and operator stations in the form of touch panels to complex turnkey object installations. Work is also underway on a wider entry of the system DCS MASTER into foreign markets.

 

Grzegorz Bonikowski
UNIKONT 2 – Rotating Machines Monitoring System
Presented are, in a shortened form, issues concerning condition control and prediction of machines. Characterized is a solution of the new Rotating Machines Monitoring System UNIKONT 2. Shown are assumptions, elements and measurements of this new system.

 

Bartłomiej Borkowski
Selected studies on electromagnetic compatibility for devices used in the environment of power plants and substations
Dynamic development of technologies produces an increase in the amount of complex electrical and electronic equipment on the market. These devices must work reliably no matter what their targeted environment is. Requirements concerning electromagnetic compatibility (ECM) for electric and electronic equipment are regulated by standards which, when used, guarantee a proper level of emission and resistance. Presented are selected methods of investigations on EMC including emission testing as well as selected studies on resistance to disturbances. Special attention is paid to the role which EMC research plays for an equipment dedicated for the power sector where the level of electromagnetic disturbances can be high. Investigations on EMC according to such standards like EN 61000-6-4 and EN 61000-6-5 ensure reliable operation in difficult electromagnetic conditions and contribute to security and stability of the whole power system as well as to the appliances safety, minimizing the risk of failures which could cause serious consequences for the power sector.

 

Dariusz Pastwa, Dariusz Downar
Systems supporting emergency closing of turbine wicket gate in hydropower plants
The article describes drive systems used in hydropower plants to support emergency closing of the water turbine wicket gate. Existing solutions are analyzed and a drive method using compression springs is presented. The technical parameters of the model drive, hydraulic diagram and structure of the control system and research station in the laboratory are described. The research results and conclusions from the conducted works are presented.

 

Jerzy Piotr Bednarek
Air turbines and hydrogen-powered aircraft engine
The article proposes an original solution to the problem of storing ready-made hydrogen by producing it from water electrolysis using energy generated by small, high-performance air turbines on board an aircraft, such as the Boeing 737, currently the most popular in the world.